High anodic potentials leads to oxidation of carbon and affect the catalyst’s electrochemical performance on the surface of the modified […]
When GCE is used in an acidic medium, it produces surface oxides through an acid-catalyzed process, resulting in activation of
The Counter Electrode serves two crucial roles, it completes the circuit and maintains electrical neutrality and it protects the reference
The counter electrode must be made up of inert metals like gold, platinum, or carbon species. It should have a
Platinum or Carbon as counter electrode material is preferred because both require low maintenance and don’t easily get oxidized or
In general, inert nature of the platinum does not result in contamination, and washing with distilled water post-experimentation is sufficient.
Screen Printed Electrodes (SPE) are fabricated by printing on non-conductive materials like alumina, ceramic, and plastic which serves as the
Screen Printed Carbon Electrodes are used only in aqueous regions and their thermal stability ranges from 10°C to 80°C depending
SPEs are widely used in electrochemical analysis by researchers, scientists, industrialists, and quality control analysts to develop electrochemical sensors, point-of-care
SPEs are extensively used for electrochemical sensing applications because of their accuracy, sensitivity, and reproducibility. These are inexpensive to mass-produce
